The evolution of fairy tales throughout history has been a fascinating journey, from their traditional origins in oral and written forms to their modern adaptations to musicals. As music is incorporated on stage and in film, these stories are able to have greater impact and enhance the storytelling experience for contemporary audiences. Some might argue that this phenomenon alters the original essence of the story, but in reality, the transformation of these stories illustrates their long lasting cultural significance and ability to resonate with diverse audiences across different generations and cultures as they preserve their timeless messages and themes.

Cinderella, arguably the most popular fairy tale, has been reimagined in various cultures worldwide. Each adaptation of Cinderella, whether for film or theater, uses music tailored to the specific audience and culture it targets. Through the use of music, different versions of Cinderella are able to connect with diverse audiences and bring the timeless story to life in unique ways. An important aspect of adapting Cinderella’s music to different audiences and cultures is incorporating traditional musical elements familiar to the target demographic.

In both Disney’s 1950 and 2015 renditions of Cinderella, the music features orchestral arrangements and lush melodies reminiscent of classical fairy tale music, appealing to a global audience. While Asian cultures, such as in China, often use this same music to portray their own adaptations of Cinderella, “importing western musical theatre to China and making it work for Chinese audiences can be very challenging” (Chang). Incorporating traditional folk music and instruments, such as the guzheng or koto, reflects the region’s cultural heritage and offers a unique musical interpretation of the story, as seen in the Mandarin version of Rodgers and Hammerstein’s Cinderella, “灰姑娘” (Chang). As of 2018, director Joseph Graves felt that the incorporation of Chinese elements into musicals, such as Cinderella, will be popular in the future, more so than musicals performed in the U.S. and London.

The musical style and genre of different versions of Cinderella are also adapted to cater to the preferences of the target audience. In the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical English adaptation, there is a mix of Broadway style show tunes, ballads, and dance numbers that appeal to audiences who appreciate a more theatrical and grandiose style of music, with elaborate choreography and vocal performances. However, over time, the presentation of these show tunes can be presented differently, with different instrumentation and performers who appeal to different audiences.

In Rodgers and Hammerstein’s 1957 adaptation of Cinderella, the song “Impossible” was performed by Edie Adams (The Julie Andrews Archive), who as the fairy godmother, was also coincidentally a fashion designer in real life (Cross). In the 1965 remake, Celeste Holm eloquently carried the tune as the fairy godmother (Shout! Studios). Then more recently, in 1997, the musical was reimagined for a more culturally diverse audience. Whitney Houston graced the role with her distinguished mezzo-soprano vocals in an R&B rendition with singer Brandy, who played Cinderella (Disney Plus). Through their vocal talents, these women have brought new life to the timeless story of Cinderella, captivating audiences and keeping the story relevant across generations. We also see this musical and cultural evolution in the 2019 release of The Lion King. The timeless story and powerful message remain intact, with the music reimagined by contemporary artists like Beyoncé Knowles-Carter adding a modern twist. Beyoncé’s portrayal of Nala gives the character new energy and resonates with her large fan base and pop culture enthusiasts alike.

Music acts as a unifying force that transcends cultural boundaries, bridging gaps and fostering connections between individuals from different backgrounds. By combining elements of contemporary music with classic tales like Cinderella and The Lion King, these adaptations not only remain relevant, but also attract a whole new audience. For at least a century, the Brothers Grimm version of Cinderella was “considered the definitive and best known version” (Inge 140). Which version of Cinderella sets the new standard? It seems impossible to fathom an adaptation of Cinderella that surpasses our favorite version of the tale. But with new storytellers collaborating with talented composers who skillfully blend fairy tales with modern musical experiences, we are reminded that anything is possible, as the lyrics proclaim, “impossible things are happening every day” (Rodgers).